In the absence of sterile saline, what is the best immediate management for a chemical exposure to the eyes?

• A. Irrigate with plain water for 20 minutes
• B. Apply eye ointment and cover
• C. Use a saline mist and wait
• D. Neutralize with an alkaline chemical

Answer: (A)

When eyes are exposed to a chemical, the priority is to flush it out as quickly and thoroughly as possible. Irrigating with clean water for about 20 minutes vigorously dilutes and removes the chemical from the surface, reducing potential tissue damage. If you can, keep the eyelids open and direct the water from the inner corner toward the outer canthus to prevent contamination of the other eye, and remove contact lenses if present and safe to do so.

Other approaches don’t achieve this immediate dilution and removal. Applying ointment and covering the eye can trap the chemical against the eye and doesn’t address the ongoing exposure. Waiting for a saline mist delays real flushing. Neutralizing the chemical with another substance can trigger dangerous reactions and unpredictable pH changes, potentially worsening injury. After irrigation, seek medical attention, especially if symptoms persist or if the chemical was strong or corrosive.