Which splinting device is indicated for an open forearm fracture with external bleeding?

• A. Cardboard splint
• B. Vacuum splint
• C. Air splint
• D. Plaster cast

Answer: (B)

In this situation, the goal is to immobilize the forearm quickly while protecting the open wound and controlling bleeding. A vacuum splint is the best choice because it conforms snugly to the limb, providing stable immobilization without applying point pressure to the bleeding site. It allows you to place or pad a sterile dressing over the wound, then secure the limb by removing air to create a customized, supported sleeve. This protects soft tissues, accommodates swelling, and stabilizes fracture fragments, which helps reduce pain and further injury during transport.

The other options don’t fit as well. A cardboard splint is unstable and easily contaminated, offering little protection for an open wound. An air splint inflates to press around the limb, which can squeeze tissues and worsen bleeding or compromise circulation, especially with swelling. A plaster cast requires time to set, isn’t easily adjusted in the field, and isn’t suitable for an active open wound or swelling.